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排序方式: 共有339条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Assessment of source water contamination by estrogenic disrupting compounds in China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Weiwei Jiang Ye Yan Mei M Donghong Wang Qian Luo Zijian Wang Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(2):320-328
Detection of estrogenic disrupting compounds (EDCs) in drinking waters around China has led to rising concerns about health risks associated with these compounds. There is, however, a paucity of studies on the occurrence and identification of the main compounds responsible for this pollution in the source waters. To fill this void, we screened estrogenic activities of 23 source water samples from six main river systems in China, using a recombinant two-hybrid yeast assay. All sample extracts induced significant estrogenic activity, with E2 equivalents (EEQ) of raw water ranging from 0.08 to 2.40 ng/L. Additionally, 16 samples were selected for chemical analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The EDCs of most concern, including estrone (E1), 17βup-estradiol (E2), 17αup-ethinylestradiol (EE2), estriol (E3), diethylstilbestrol (DES), estradiol valerate (EV), 4-t-octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-nonylphenols (4-NP) and bisphenol A (BPA), were determined at concentrations of up to 2.98, 1.07, 2.67, 4.37, 2.52, 1.96, 89.52, 280.19 and 710.65 ng/L, respectively. Causality analysis, involving comparison of EEQ values from yeast assay and chemical analysis identified E2, EE2 and 4-NP as the main responsible compounds, accounting for the whole estrogenic activities (39.74% to 96.68%). The proposed approach using both chemical analysis and yeast assay could be used for the identification and evaluation of EDCs in source waters of China. 相似文献
92.
Bacillus sp. CDB3 isolated from an arsenic contaminated cattledip site possesses an uncommon arsenic resistance (ars) operon bearing eight genes in the order of arsRYCDATorf7orf8. We investigated the functions of arsA, arsT, orf7 and orf8 in arsenic resistance using a plasmid-based gene knockout approach in the ars genedeficient Escherichia coli strain AW3110. The CDB3 arsA genewas shown to play a significant role in resistance, suggesting that the encoded ArsA may couplewith the arsenite transporter, forming an ArsAY complex that can enhance arsenite extrusion efficiency. Thedisruption of either arsT or orf7was not observed to affect arsenic resistance in the heterologous E. coli host, but their involvement in arsenic resistance can not be excluded. The orf8 gene is predicted to encode a putativedual-specificity protein phosphatasewhich also shares certain homology to arsenate reductases. The function loss of orf8 resulted in a remarkabledecrease in resistance to arsenate, though not arsenite. To examine if this effectwasdue to the reduction of arsenate by orf8, the arsC genewithin the 8-gene operonwasdisrupted. The resulting abolishment of arsenate resistance suggests that the involvement of orf8 in arsenic resistance is not via reductase activity. 相似文献
93.
生物可降解材料PHBV的细胞毒性评价的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
通过体外细胞毒性试验,对新型材料β-羟基丁酸与β-羟基戊酸共聚物(PHBV)的细胞生物相容性进行了研究.主要依据ISO10993及GB/T16886-1997的标准,应用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT assay)比色法对PHBV的细胞毒性进行评价.选用不同体积分数、不同温度下的PHBV材料浸提液为培养液,以及与PHBV材料直接接触培养来检测1d、3 d、5 d小鼠成纤维细胞BHK-21的相对增值率,确定PHBV材料的毒性程度.实验结果表明,PHBV材料即使在高温下其物理化学性质也很稳定;它的细胞毒性程度为0级,有着良好的细胞生物相容性. 相似文献
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Potential synergistic interactions between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a household sewage sludge compost extract were investigated using the Dioxin-Responsive Chemical-Activated Luciferase gene eXpression (DR-CALUX) assay and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) fractionation. The biological activity of the crude extract was measured in vitro using the CALUX assay. The CALUX activity of the extract was as potent as 360-pg CALUX-TEQ (2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent value) per g sample, this was 70 times above the WHO-TEQ value which was derived from chemical analyses of dioxins/furans and dioxin-like PCBs of the mixture. The CALUX activity pattern of the crude extract and the retention times of 26 polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), as determined by RP-HPLC on an octadecylsilica column, suggested that the dioxin-like compounds with the log K(OW) (n-octanol/water partition coefficient) values corresponding to 6.0-7.0 contributed highly to the whole activity. The CALUX activity of the crude extract was three times the sum of the CALUX activities of the RP-HPLC separated fractions. Mixture effects were assessed by co-exposure of each HPLC fraction and 2,3,7,8-TCDD to the cells. The four concentration levels of added 2,3,7,8-TCDD corresponded to the TEQ value in the original compost sample. The experimental CALUX activity was higher than the predicted CALUX activity for some fractions. It was demonstrated that some compounds in the compost sample interacted synergistically with 2,3,7,8-TCDD in terms of dioxin-like activity. This finding points out the necessity for detailed investigation of synergistic effects in environmental samples. 相似文献
98.
Prescreening teratogenic potential of chlorinated drinking water disinfection by products by using Hydra regeneration assay 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
PrescreeningteratogenicpotentialofchlorinateddrinkingwaterdisinfectionbyproductsbyusingHydraregenerationasayJiYuantangDepar... 相似文献
99.
二氧化硫对大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞DNA的损伤作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
运用单细胞凝胶电泳技术(又称彗星实验)研究了SO2动式吸入对雄性Wistar大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞DNA的损伤作用。结果表明,在SO2浓度为28.6,57.3,114.4ms/m^3的动式吸入染毒条件下,雄性大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞DNA拖尾长度分别为7.59,12.39,21.22μm,表明SO2可引起大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞DNA损伤,且随SO2吸入浓度的增加而加剧,呈明确的剂量效应关系,这意味着SO2具有引起哺乳动物肺泡巨噬细胞DNA突变的潜在危险,会造成机体的非特异性吞噬功能和抗肿瘤免疫监视作用的损伤。 相似文献
100.